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A ring diacritic may appear above or below letters. It may be combined with some letters of the extended Latin alphabets in various contexts. ==Ring above== In Unicode, the above encoding is: . Though the Danish, Norwegian, Swedish and Walloon character Å (å) is derived from an A with a ring, it is considered a distinct letter in those languages. The letter Å is the symbol of the unit ångström, named after the Swedish physicist Anders Jonas Ångström. The character Ů (ů; a Latin U with ring above, or kroužek in Czech) is a grapheme in the Czech language preserved for historic reasons, which identifies a vowel shift. For example, the word for "horse" used to be written ''kóň'', which evolved, along with pronunciation, into ''kuoň''. Ultimately, the vowel disappeared completely, and the ''uo'' evolved into ''ů'', modern form ''kůň''. The letter ''ů'' now has the same pronunciation as the letter ''ú'' (long ), but changes to a short ''o'' when a word is morphed (e.g. nom. ''kůň'' → gen. ''koně'', nom. ''dům'' → gen. ''domu''), thus showing the historical evolution of the language. ''Ů'' cannot occur in initial position, however, ''ú'' occurs almost exclusively in initial position or at the beginning of a word root in a compound. These characters are used also in Steuer's Silesian alphabet. The pronunciation has prevailed in some Moravian dialects, as well as in the Slovak language, which uses the letter ô instead of ů. The ring is used in Bolognese (a dialect of Emiliano-Romagnolo language) to distinguish the sound (å) from (a). ů has been used in Old Lithuanian in Lithuania Minor from the 16th till the beginning of the 20th century and for a shorter time in 16th-century Lithuania Major for diphthong . The ring has been used in the Lithuanian Cyrillic alphabet promoted by Russian authorities in the last quarter of the 19th century with the letter (unicode:У̊) / (unicode:у̊) used to represent the diphthong (now written ''uo'' in Lithuanian orthography). Ring upon e (e̊) is used by certain dialectologists of the Walloon language (especially Jean-Jacques Gaziaux) to note the vowel typically replacing and in the Brabant province central Walloon dialects. The difficulty of type-writing it has led some writers to prefer ''ë'' for the same sound. Many more characters can be created in Unicode using the "combining ring above" U+030A, including the above-mentioned (unicode:у̊) (Cyrillic у with ring above) or (unicode:ń̊) (n with acute and ring above). The standalone ring above symbol has the codepoint U+02DA. Although similar in appearance, it is not to be confused with the Japanese ''handakuten'' (゜ U+309C), a diacritic used with the ''kana'' for syllables starting with ''h'' to indicate that they should instead be pronounced with . 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ring (diacritic)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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